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		<h1>Form Helper</h1>

		<p>The Form Helper file contains functions that assist in working
			with forms.</p>


		<h2>Loading this Helper</h2>

		<p>This helper is loaded using the following code:</p>
		<code>$this->load->helper('form');</code>

		<p>The following functions are available:</p>



		<h2>form_open()</h2>

		<p>
			Creates an opening form tag with a base URL <strong>built
				from your config preferences</strong>. It will optionally let you add form
			attributes and hidden input fields, and will always add the attribute
			<kbd>accept-charset</kbd>
			based on the charset value in your config file.
		</p>

		<p>The main benefit of using this tag rather than hard coding your
			own HTML is that it permits your site to be more portable in the
			event your URLs ever change.</p>

		<p>Here's a simple example:</p>

		<code>echo form_open('email/send');</code>

		<p>The above example would create a form that points to your base
			URL plus the "email/send" URI segments, like this:</p>

		<code>&lt;form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8"
			action="http:/example.com/index.php/email/send" /></code>

		<h4>Adding Attributes</h4>

		<p>Attributes can be added by passing an associative array to the
			second parameter, like this:</p>

		<code>
			$attributes = array('class' => 'email', 'id' => 'myform');<br /> <br />
			echo form_open('email/send', $attributes);
		</code>

		<p>The above example would create a form similar to this:</p>

		<code>&lt;form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8"
			action="http:/example.com/index.php/email/send" &nbsp;class="email"
			&nbsp;id="myform" /></code>

		<h4>Adding Hidden Input Fields</h4>

		<p>Hidden fields can be added by passing an associative array to
			the third parameter, like this:</p>

		<code>
			$hidden = array('username' => 'Joe', 'member_id' => '234');<br /> <br />
			echo form_open('email/send', '', $hidden);
		</code>

		<p>The above example would create a form similar to this:</p>

		<code>
			&lt;form method="post" accept-charset="utf-8"
			action="http:/example.com/index.php/email/send"><br /> &lt;input
			type="hidden" name="username" value="Joe" /><br /> &lt;input
			type="hidden" name="member_id" value="234" />
		</code>


		<h2>form_open_multipart()</h2>

		<p>
			This function is absolutely identical to the
			<dfn>form_open()</dfn>
			tag above except that it adds a multipart attribute, which is
			necessary if you would like to use the form to upload files with.
		</p>

		<h2>form_hidden()</h2>

		<p>Lets you generate hidden input fields. You can either submit a
			name/value string to create one field:</p>

		<code>
			form_hidden('username', 'johndoe');<br /> <br /> // Would produce:<br />
			<br /> &lt;input type="hidden" name="username" value="johndoe" />
		</code>

		<p>Or you can submit an associative array to create multiple
			fields:</p>

		<code>
			$data = array(<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'John Doe',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'email'
			=> 'john@example.com',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'url'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'http://example.com'<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
			<br /> echo form_hidden($data);<br /> <br /> // Would produce:<br />
			<br /> &lt;input type="hidden" name="name" value="John Doe" /><br />
			&lt;input type="hidden" name="email" value="john@example.com" /><br />
			&lt;input type="hidden" name="url" value="http://example.com" />
		</code>




		<h2>form_input()</h2>

		<p>Lets you generate a standard text input field. You can
			minimally pass the field name and value in the first and second
			parameter:</p>

		<code>echo form_input('username', 'johndoe');</code>

		<p>Or you can pass an associative array containing any data you
			wish your form to contain:</p>

		<code>
			$data = array(<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'username',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'id'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'username',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'value'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'johndoe',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'maxlength'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'100',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'size'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'50',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'style'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
			=> 'width:50%',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
			<br /> echo form_input($data);<br /> <br /> // Would produce:<br />
			<br /> &lt;input type="text" name="username" id="username"
			value="johndoe" maxlength="100" size="50" style="width:50%" />
		</code>

		<p>If you would like your form to contain some additional data,
			like Javascript, you can pass it as a string in the third parameter:</p>

		<code>
			$js = 'onClick="some_function()"';<br /> <br /> echo
			form_input('username', 'johndoe', $js);
		</code>

		<h2>form_password()</h2>

		<p>
			This function is identical in all respects to the
			<dfn>form_input()</dfn>
			function above except that is sets it as a "password" type.
		</p>

		<h2>form_upload()</h2>

		<p>
			This function is identical in all respects to the
			<dfn>form_input()</dfn>
			function above except that is sets it as a "file" type, allowing it
			to be used to upload files.
		</p>

		<h2>form_textarea()</h2>

		<p>
			This function is identical in all respects to the
			<dfn>form_input()</dfn>
			function above except that it generates a "textarea" type. Note:
			Instead of the "maxlength" and "size" attributes in the above
			example, you will instead specify "rows" and "cols".
		</p>


		<h2>form_dropdown()</h2>

		<p>Lets you create a standard drop-down field. The first parameter
			will contain the name of the field, the second parameter will contain
			an associative array of options, and the third parameter will contain
			the value you wish to be selected. You can also pass an array of
			multiple items through the third parameter, and CodeIgniter will
			create a multiple select for you. Example:</p>

		<code>
			$options = array(<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'small'&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'Small Shirt',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'med'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'Medium Shirt',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'large'&nbsp;&nbsp;
			=> 'Large Shirt',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'xlarge'
			=> 'Extra Large Shirt',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br />
			<br /> $shirts_on_sale = array('small', 'large');<br /> <br />
			echo form_dropdown('shirts', $options, 'large');<br /> <br /> //
			Would produce:<br /> <br /> &lt;select name=&quot;shirts&quot;&gt;<br />
			&lt;option value=&quot;small&quot;&gt;Small Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
			&lt;option value=&quot;med&quot;&gt;Medium Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
			&lt;option value=&quot;large&quot;
			selected=&quot;selected&quot;&gt;Large Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
			&lt;option value=&quot;xlarge&quot;&gt;Extra Large
			Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br /> &lt;/select&gt;<br /> <br /> echo
			form_dropdown('shirts', $options, $shirts_on_sale);<br /> <br /> //
			Would produce:<br /> <br /> &lt;select name=&quot;shirts&quot;
			multiple=&quot;multiple&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;option
			value=&quot;small&quot; selected=&quot;selected&quot;&gt;Small
			Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br /> &lt;option
			value=&quot;med&quot;&gt;Medium Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
			&lt;option value=&quot;large&quot;
			selected=&quot;selected&quot;&gt;Large Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br />
			&lt;option value=&quot;xlarge&quot;&gt;Extra Large
			Shirt&lt;/option&gt;<br /> &lt;/select&gt;
		</code>


		<p>
			If you would like the opening &lt;select> to contain additional data,
			like an
			<kbd>id</kbd>
			attribute or JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the fourth
			parameter:
		</p>

		<code>
			$js = 'id="shirts" onChange="some_function();"';<br /> <br /> echo
			form_dropdown('shirts', $options, 'large', $js);
		</code>

		<p>If the array passed as $options is a multidimensional array,
			form_dropdown() will produce an &lt;optgroup&gt; with the array key
			as the label.</p>

		<h2>form_multiselect()</h2>

		<p>
			Lets you create a standard multiselect field. The first parameter
			will contain the name of the field, the second parameter will contain
			an associative array of options, and the third parameter will contain
			the value or values you wish to be selected. The parameter usage is
			identical to using
			<kbd>form_dropdown()</kbd>
			above, except of course that the name of the field will need to use
			POST array syntax, e.g.
			<samp>foo[]</samp>
			.
		</p>


		<h2>form_fieldset()</h2>

		<p>Lets you generate fieldset/legend fields.</p>
		<code>
			echo form_fieldset('Address Information');<br /> echo
			&quot;&lt;p&gt;fieldset content here&lt;/p&gt;\n&quot;;<br /> echo
			form_fieldset_close(); <br /> <br /> // Produces<br />
			&lt;fieldset&gt; <br /> &lt;legend&gt;Address
			Information&lt;/legend&gt; <br /> &lt;p&gt;form content
			here&lt;/p&gt; <br /> &lt;/fieldset&gt;
		</code>
		<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array
			in the second parameter if you prefer to set additional attributes.</p>
		<p>
			<code>
				$attributes = array('id' =&gt; 'address_info', 'class' =&gt;
				'address_info');<br /> echo form_fieldset('Address Information',
				$attributes);<br /> echo &quot;&lt;p&gt;fieldset content
				here&lt;/p&gt;\n&quot;;<br /> echo form_fieldset_close(); <br /> <br />
				// Produces<br /> &lt;fieldset id=&quot;address_info&quot;
				class=&quot;address_info&quot;&gt; <br /> &lt;legend&gt;Address
				Information&lt;/legend&gt; <br /> &lt;p&gt;form content
				here&lt;/p&gt; <br /> &lt;/fieldset&gt;
			</code>
		</p>
		<h2>form_fieldset_close()</h2>
		<p>Produces a closing &lt;/fieldset&gt; tag. The only advantage to
			using this function is it permits you to pass data to it which will
			be added below the tag. For example:</p>
		<code>
			$string = &quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&quot;;<br /> <br /> echo
			form_fieldset_close($string);<br /> <br /> // Would produce:<br />
			&lt;/fieldset&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</code>
		<h2>form_checkbox()</h2>
		<p>Lets you generate a checkbox field. Simple example:</p>
		<code>
			echo form_checkbox('newsletter', 'accept', TRUE);<br /> <br /> //
			Would produce:<br /> <br /> &lt;input type=&quot;checkbox&quot;
			name=&quot;newsletter&quot; value=&quot;accept&quot;
			checked=&quot;checked&quot; /&gt;
		</code>
		<p>The third parameter contains a boolean TRUE/FALSE to determine
			whether the box should be checked or not.</p>
		<p>Similar to the other form functions in this helper, you can
			also pass an array of attributes to the function:</p>

		<code>
			$data = array(<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'newsletter',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'id'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'newsletter',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'value'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			'accept',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'checked'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=>
			TRUE,<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'style'&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
			=> 'margin:10px',<br /> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;);<br /> <br />
			echo form_checkbox($data);<br /> <br /> // Would produce:<br /> <br />
			&lt;input type="checkbox" name="newsletter" id="newsletter"
			value="accept" checked="checked" style="margin:10px" />
		</code>

		<p>As with other functions, if you would like the tag to contain
			additional data, like JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the
			fourth parameter:</p>

		<code>
			$js = 'onClick="some_function()"';<br /> <br /> echo
			form_checkbox('newsletter', 'accept', TRUE, $js)
		</code>


		<h2>form_radio()</h2>
		<p>
			This function is identical in all respects to the
			<dfn>form_checkbox()</dfn>
			function above except that is sets it as a "radio" type.
		</p>


		<h2>form_submit()</h2>

		<p>Lets you generate a standard submit button. Simple example:</p>
		<code>
			echo form_submit('mysubmit', 'Submit Post!');<br /> <br /> // Would
			produce:<br /> <br /> &lt;input type=&quot;submit&quot;
			name=&quot;mysubmit&quot; value=&quot;Submit Post!&quot; /&gt;
		</code>
		<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array
			in the first parameter if you prefer to set your own attributes. The
			third parameter lets you add extra data to your form, like
			JavaScript.</p>
		<h2>form_label()</h2>
		<p>Lets you generate a &lt;label&gt;. Simple example:</p>
		<code>
			echo form_label('What is your Name', 'username');<br /> <br /> //
			Would produce: <br /> &lt;label for=&quot;username&quot;&gt;What is
			your Name&lt;/label&gt;
		</code>
		<p>Similar to other functions, you can submit an associative array
			in the third parameter if you prefer to set additional attributes.</p>
		<p>
			<code>
				$attributes = array(<br /> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'class' =&gt;
				'mycustomclass',<br /> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'style' =&gt;
				'color: #000;',<br /> );<br /> echo form_label('What is your
				Name', 'username', $attributes);<br /> <br /> // Would produce: <br />
				&lt;label for=&quot;username&quot; class=&quot;mycustomclass&quot;
				style=&quot;color: #000;&quot;&gt;What is your Name&lt;/label&gt;
			</code>
		</p>
		<h2>form_reset()</h2>

		<p>
			Lets you generate a standard reset button. Use is identical to
			<dfn>form_submit()</dfn>
			.
		</p>

		<h2>form_button()</h2>

		<p>Lets you generate a standard button element. You can minimally
			pass the button name and content in the first and second parameter:</p>
		<code>
			echo form_button('name','content');<br /> <br /> // Would produce<br />
			&lt;button name="name" type="button"&gt;Content&lt;/button&gt;
		</code>
		Or you can pass an associative array containing any data you wish your
		form to contain:
		<code>
			$data = array(<br /> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'name' => 'button',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'id' => 'button',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'value' => 'true',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'type' => 'reset',<br />
			&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'content' => 'Reset'<br /> );<br /> <br />
			echo form_button($data);<br /> <br /> // Would produce:<br />
			&lt;button name="button" id="button" value="true"
			type="reset"&gt;Reset&lt;/button&gt;
		</code>
		If you would like your form to contain some additional data, like
		JavaScript, you can pass it as a string in the third parameter:
		<code>
			$js = 'onClick="some_function()"';<br /> <br /> echo
			form_button('mybutton', 'Click Me', $js);
		</code>


		<h2>form_close()</h2>

		<p>Produces a closing &lt;/form> tag. The only advantage to using
			this function is it permits you to pass data to it which will be
			added below the tag. For example:</p>

		<code>
			$string = "&lt;/div>&lt;/div>";<br /> <br /> echo
			form_close($string);<br /> <br /> // Would produce:<br /> <br />
			&lt;/form><br /> &lt;/div>&lt;/div>
		</code>





		<h2>form_prep()</h2>

		<p>Allows you to safely use HTML and characters such as quotes
			within form elements without breaking out of the form. Consider this
			example:</p>

		<code>
			$string = 'Here is a string containing <strong>"quoted"</strong>
			text.';<br /> <br /> &lt;input type="text" name="myform" value="
			<var>$string</var>
			" />
		</code>

		<p>Since the above string contains a set of quotes it will cause
			the form to break. The form_prep function converts HTML so that it
			can be used safely:</p>

		<code>
			&lt;input type="text" name="myform" value="
			<var>&lt;?php echo form_prep($string); ?></var>
			" />
		</code>

		<p class="important">
			<strong>Note:</strong> If you use any of the form helper functions
			listed in this page the form values will be prepped automatically, so
			there is no need to call this function. Use it only if you are
			creating your own form elements.
		</p>


		<h2>set_value()</h2>

		<p>Permits you to set the value of an input form or textarea. You
			must supply the field name via the first parameter of the function.
			The second (optional) parameter allows you to set a default value for
			the form. Example:</p>

		<code>
			&lt;input type="text" name="quantity" value="
			<dfn>&lt;?php echo set_value('quantity', '0'); ?></dfn>
			" size="50" />
		</code>

		<p>The above form will show "0" when loaded for the first time.</p>

		<h2>set_select()</h2>

		<p>
			If you use a
			<dfn>&lt;select></dfn>
			menu, this function permits you to display the menu item that was
			selected. The first parameter must contain the name of the select
			menu, the second parameter must contain the value of each item, and
			the third (optional) parameter lets you set an item as the default
			(use boolean TRUE/FALSE).
		</p>

		<p>Example:</p>

		<code>
			&lt;select name="myselect"><br /> &lt;option value="one"
			<dfn>&lt;?php echo set_select('myselect', 'one', TRUE); ?></dfn>
			>One&lt;/option><br /> &lt;option value="two"
			<dfn>&lt;?php echo set_select('myselect', 'two'); ?></dfn>
			>Two&lt;/option><br /> &lt;option value="three"
			<dfn>&lt;?php echo set_select('myselect', 'three'); ?></dfn>
			>Three&lt;/option><br /> &lt;/select>
		</code>


		<h2>set_checkbox()</h2>

		<p>Permits you to display a checkbox in the state it was
			submitted. The first parameter must contain the name of the checkbox,
			the second parameter must contain its value, and the third (optional)
			parameter lets you set an item as the default (use boolean
			TRUE/FALSE). Example:</p>

		<code>
			&lt;input type="checkbox" name="mycheck" value="1"
			<dfn>&lt;?php echo set_checkbox('mycheck', '1'); ?></dfn>
			/><br /> &lt;input type="checkbox" name="mycheck" value="2"
			<dfn>&lt;?php echo set_checkbox('mycheck', '2'); ?></dfn>
			/>
		</code>


		<h2>set_radio()</h2>

		<p>
			Permits you to display radio buttons in the state they were
			submitted. This function is identical to the <strong>set_checkbox()</strong>
			function above.
		</p>

		<code>
			&lt;input type="radio" name="myradio" value="1"
			<dfn>&lt;?php echo set_radio('myradio', '1', TRUE); ?></dfn>
			/><br /> &lt;input type="radio" name="myradio" value="2"
			<dfn>&lt;?php echo set_radio('myradio', '2'); ?></dfn>
			/>
		</code>
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